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JOBS Act prohibitions

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Under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, certain research analysts no longer are prohibited from:

• Drafting, publishing and distributing research reports on an emerging-growth company for which their firm is brokering or assisting an initial public offering.

• Attending and participating in meetings between their bank's investment personnel and emerging-growth clients. Acceptable analyst conduct includes outlining for the client research program and factors considered during an analysis; asking for clarifications of factual statements made by the company's management; and, after a formal relationship be-tween the bank and the emerging-growth company has been established, participating in client presentations to the investment firm's sales force about the company.

• Publishing research during quiet periods prescribed under existing securities laws, including immediately after an IPO or the expiration of a lockup period.

In August, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission issued preliminary guidance outlining its interpretation of the JOBS Act research provisions' applicability to existing anti-fraud regulations and other securities laws. According to the SEC, investment firms and their analysts remain prohibited from:

• Changing research as a result of a communication in an effort to obtain investment banking business.

• Indicating to an emerging-growth company a willingness to exchange favorable research if the analyst's firm is selected for the IPO.

• Publishing reports that are inconsistent with an analyst's personal views about the company or its securities.

• Directing a research analyst to engage in sales or marketing efforts related to an investment banking services transaction.

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